A medical term that refers to any of a wide range of diseases, cancer is used to describe any of them. Cancerous cells can grow and divide uncontrollably. They can infiltrate normal tissue and cause damage. By using blood and lymph systems, the disease can spread throughout the body. Cancer is not a single disease, but a combination of multiple diseases.
There are more than 100 types and subtypes of cancer. There are many types of cancer that can be classified into different categories. Some of the main categories are Listed below :
Carcinoma is This refers to any type of cancer that originates in the tissues of the body, skin, or tissue of internal organs. You can further categorize it into subtypes like basal cell carcinoma and transitional carcinoma.
This type of cancer is found in fat, blood vessels cartilage, bone, muscle, and any other connective tissue. It can also occur in cells that are not bone marrow.
This type of cancer is found in blood-forming tissue.
This type is caused by the cells in the immune system.
These are cancers that result from pluripotent cells. They most commonly present in the testicle and ovary.
This type of cancer is derived from embryonic tissue or “predecessor cells” immature cells. Blastomas occur more frequently in children than they are in older adults.
A gene mutation could instruct a healthy cell:
Allow rapid growth. Allow rapid growth. Cells grow and divide faster, creating many new cells with the same mutation.
Uncontrolled cell growth cannot be stopped. Normal cells can tell when to stop growing so you have the right amount of each type of cell. Cancer cells lose control (tumor suppression genes), which tells them when to stop growing. Cancer cells can continue to grow by altering a tumor suppressor gene.
When repairing DNA errors, mistakes can be made. Look for DNA repair genes and correct any errors. A DNA repair gene mutation could mean that other errors have not been corrected and cells can become cancerous.
These mutations are most commonly found in cancer. However, there are many other gene mutations that can cause cancer.
There are many reasons gene mutations may occur, including:
You may be born with gene mutations. A genetic mutation you inherit from your parents could be present in your body. This type of mutation is responsible for a small number of cancers.
There are many gene mutations that can occur after birth. Gene mutations that occur after birth are most common and not passed on to your children. Gene mutations can be caused by many factors, including smoking, radiation, viruses and cancer-causing chemicals (carcinogens), obesity and chronic inflammation, as well as a lack or regular exercise.
Cancer can be caused by both the gene mutations that you inherit and those you get from your parents. You may not get cancer if you inherit a genetic mutation that makes you more susceptible to it. Cancer can be caused by one or more gene mutations. This is possible to vary between types of cancer. Exposure to certain cancer-causing substances increases your risk of developing cancer.
These are some of the general signs and symptoms that can be associated with, but not necessarily related to, cancer:
Fatigue
Under the skin, you can feel the lump or thickening area.
Weight changes, such as unintended gain or loss
Skin changes such as skin yellowing, darkening, redness, and sores that don’t heal or moles that aren’t healing
Changes in bladder or bowel habits
Consistent cough
Difficulty swallowing
Persistent indigestion or discomfort after eating
Unexplained persistent muscle or joint pain
Night sweats and fevers that persist, but are not explained
Different stages of cancer
There are usually four stages to cancer.
Stage 0. This stage refers to cancer ‘in situ’, which means ‘in place. These cancers don’t spread to other areas of the body. They will be found at the same place they were originally located. This stage is where the cancer can be completely removed with the aid of surgery.
Stage 1: This is an early stage. The tumor is often small and has not spread to surrounding tissues. These types of cancers don’t spread to other parts of the body, or to the lymph nodes.
Stage II & III: These stages indicate the size of the tumors. They have spread deep into the surrounding tissues. This stage indicates that the cancer has not spread to other parts of the body but only to the lymph nodes.
Stage IV This stage signifies that the tumor or cancer has spread to other parts of the body. This stage is also called metastatic, or advanced cancer. There are many options for treating cancer
There are many options available to treat cancer. The location of the cancer, the stage, type, and extent of it will all affect the treatment options. The most popular therapies are –
Surgery: The surgical removal of a tumor if it is not located at its source. Surgery can also remove lymph nodes and other tissue. Laser or other conventional instruments can be used for this surgical procedure.
Radiation Therapy This therapy treats cancer and other diseases with ionizing radiation. Radiation therapy in the area is used to destroy cancer cells and genetic material. These cells are unable to grow any further after this therapy.
Hormone Therapy This treatment uses hormones to alter the way hormones help cancer grow. This therapy is most commonly used for breast cancer and prostate cancer.
Chemical Therapy: Chemical Therapy uses anti-cancer drug cell cells. These drugs are used to destroy cancer cells and stop their growth or multiplication at a specific point in their lives. These drugs can be injected into a muscle by injecting it orally into the skin. It depends on the drug used and the type of cancer. The treatment is often provided in cycles with alternating treatments and rest periods.
Biological Therapy: This therapy uses the body’s immune system to fight cancer. This therapy can also reduce side effects from other cancer treatments.
Stem Cell Transplant: Stem cells transplant is also called bone marrow transplant. The bone marrow, which is found in the bones, is what makes blood cells from stem cells. Stem cell transplants can be made from stem cells you have collected or stem cells donated by a donor. Stem cells can be transformed into mature, disease-free cells.
There are no other cancer treatments that have been proven to be effective in curing cancer. Alternative medicine can be used to treat side effects of cancer or for treatment.
Alternative medicine options that can be beneficial for those with cancer include:
Acupuncture
Hypnosis
Massage
Meditation
Relaxation techniques
Yoga
Recurrence of cancer is when cancer returns after treatment. It can also occur after a period in which the cancer is not detected. It is possible for the same cancer to return from the exact spot it was first developed. However, it may also occur from another part of your body. This is because there are very few cancer cells left in the body after treatment failed to eliminate them.
It is important to follow a strict after-care plan for cancer patients. Patients are required to take clean alkaline water, reduce stress, eat right foods, and have regular check-ups with their doctor. Aftercare includes the review of a patient’s medical history and physical exam. This includes periodic endoscopy, imaging, and blood work. It is important to continue care after treatment as it can help in assessing the patient’s health. There are many ongoing issues that can be addressed after treatment for cancer. It also examines any psychosocial or physical effects that may have occurred after treatment.
India has one of the most advanced cancer treatment programs in the world. India offers technology, treatment and hospitality that are comparable to those in developed countries around the globe. India is a great place to get cancer treatment. It has a wide range of affordable treatments, as well as a number of trained doctors and medical staff.
